How do you compute the selling price of a bond? Definition of Selling Price of Bond The selling price (or the market value) of a bond is the present value of the future contractual cash amounts that are going to be...
How do you compute the selling price of a bond? Definition of Selling Price of Bond The selling price (or the market value) of a bond is the present value of the future contractual cash amounts that are going to be...
Should capital budgeting decisions be based on cash flows or revenues and expenses? Definition of Capital Budgeting Decisions Capital budgeting assists in the investment decisions regarding assets that will have an...
See International Financial Reporting Standards (IFRS).
See entity as a whole.
The first-in, first-out cost flow assumumption under the perpetual inventory system. The first (oldest) costs are the first costs removed from inventory at the time that goods are sold. The most recent costs will remain...
The change in total costs in response to the change in some activity. For example, some of the costs of owning and operating a vehicle will increase in total with an increase in miles driven. These are referred to as...
Classifying expenses according to the type of work such as selling, administration, general, and financing.
The cost associated with setting up a piece of production equipment. This would include the cost of the setup mechanic, the cost of scheduling, record keeping, moving the starting material, and testing the first few...
The amount that a bank commits to lend a borrower during a specified purpose.
See accelerated depreciation.
Obligations due within one year of the balance sheet date. (If a company’s operating cycle is longer than one year, an item is a current liability if it is due within the operating cycle.) Another condition is that...
See purchase order.
A corporation’s reported net income and earnings per share for a three-month period.
Point of purchase.
The proportion of products sold. For example, if a car company sells 100,000 low-profit cars and 400,000 medium-profit cars and 500,000 high-profit trucks, it has a sales mix of 10% + 40% + 50%. If the total number of...
An allowance granted to a customer who had purchased merchandise with a pricing error or other problem not involving the return of goods. If the customer purchased on credit, a sales allowance will involve a debit to...
See premium on bonds payable.
A series of equal amounts occurring at the end of each equal time interval. Also known as an ordinary annuity. An example would be the monthly payments on a loan. Another example is the semiannual interest on a bond.
See U.S. Treasury bills.
The accounting guideline that permits the violation of another accounting guideline if the amount is insignificant. For example, a profitable company with several million dollars of sales is likely to expense immediately...
A past, historical cost. They are called sunk because a past cost cannot be changed and decisions involve only the present and the future.
The result of two or more amounts being combined. For example, net sales is equal to gross sales minus sales returns, sales allowances, and sales discounts. The net realizable value of accounts receivable is the...
Financial Executives Institute.
A symbol that indicates the variable cost rate and also the slope of a straight line. For example, in the equation of the straight line, y = a + bx, ‘b’ represents the variable cost rate per unit of...
A dividend paid in assets other than cash.
The inability to pay liabilities as they become due. Some consider a company to be insolvent when its current liabilities exceed its current assets.
A term to mean the company’s general ledger or accounting records.
The date that determines which stockholders are entitled to receive a corporation’s declared dividend. No accounting entry is made on this date.
See consistency.
An estimate of an asset’s market value
Money set aside for a specific purpose. An individual’s monthly mortgage payment might include $300 per month for the real estate taxes due at the end of the year. The $300 is said to be put into escrow each...
A listing of the materials included in a product. A bill of material could be thought of as a bakery’s recipe for producing one of its products.
Form 990 is the Internal Revenue Service (IRS) form entitled Return of Organization Exempt from Income Tax. This federal form must be filed annually by tax exempt organizations. However, some organizations such as...
A current asset whose ending balance should report the cost of a merchandiser’s products awaiting to be sold. The inventory of a manufacturer should report the cost of its raw materials, work-in-process, and...
The revenue from the next unit.
An asset which serves as collateral for a loan.
See Statement of Financial Accounting Standards.
See net operating income (NOI).
National Association of Accountants. This organization’s name was changed to Institute of Management Accountants and currently is referred to as IMA.
The depreciation used on a company’s income tax return. Usually this is different from the depreciation used on the financial statements.
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